Chapter 4: Cells in Action/Cell Energy/Mitosis
Cell energy from jdrinks
1) Endocytosis: process by which a cell surrounds a large particle and brings it into the cell
2) Interphase: phase during which chromosomes are copied
3) Chromosome: structure in a nucleus made of DNA and protein
4) Photosynthesis: process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria capture energy from the sun to make food
5) Glucose: carbohydrate (sugar) produced by plants during photosynthesis
6) Active transport: movement of particles across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy
7) Centromere: region where the sister chromatids are held together
8) Prophase: phase during which mitosis begins and the nuclear membrane dissolves
9) Diffusion: movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
10) Telophase: phase during which nuclear membranes form around the chromosomes and mitosis is complete
11) Mitosis: complicated process of chromosome separation
12) Fermentation: breakdown of food without the use of oxygen
13) Exocytosis: process by which a cell releases a large particle to the outside of the cell
14) Metaphase: phase during which the chromosomes line up at the equator (middle) of the cell
15) Osmosis: diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane
16) Homologous chromosomes: chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
17) Cellular respiration: process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
18) Anaphase: phase during which the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell
19) Cytokinesis: the division of cytoplasm of a cell
20) Passive transport: movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy